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Why US Restrictions Can't Stop China's Semiconductor Industry Advance_我的网站

一 |     "[The US export restrictions] will not have much impact on the Chinese semiconductor industry," says Professor Thomas Canhao Xu of Beijing Normal University (BNU) and Hong Kong Baptist University. "These restrictions are associated with the 3 nanometer (nm) technologies while China is now producing 28nm chips for the most part, which are previous generation technologies. The fact is that the 28nm chip technology is mature and the main demand is for chips manufactured in the [28nm lithography] process. Chip manufacturers receive their main income from this product.",On 12 August, the US Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) announced that it would impose restrictions on technologies which support manufacturing of advanced semiconductors and turbines to protect them from "nefarious" military and commercial use.,Controls On Chip Exports To China Will Not Work, Trade War May Cost US Up To $100bn, ASML Exec Says15 April 2021, 11:23 GMT,The technologies covered by the newly introduced controls include two substrates of ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors, ie gallium oxide and diamond; electronic computer-aided design software ECAD made for the development of integrated circuits with a Gate-All-Around field-effect transistor (GAAFET) structure; and pressure-gain combustion (PGC) technology that can be used in rockets and hypersonic systems.,The world's leading chip manufacturers such as Samsung, TSMC and Intel have already placed their bets on the GAAFET technology to produce smaller and quicker chips in the future. It is also expected that diamonds and gallium oxides will be used to make semiconductors enabling them to operate under harsher conditions, such as at higher voltages or higher temperatures. Consequently, the aforementioned technologies will help multiply the density of transistors and interconnects on a single chip thus dramatically improving their performance.,Even though the BIS restrictions do not explicitly mention China, it is clear that they are aimed at preventing Beijing from gaining access to breakthrough technologies, according to Bloomberg.,"Breakthrough technologies are undeniably important, but they represent only a small fraction of the entire semiconductor industry," argues Xu. "The long-term effect of these restrictions on China will depend on how China develops its own industry, including equipment for the production of chips. On the horizon of 10 to 20 years, significant changes may occur in the industry and fundamentally new technologies may appear.",WorldUS New Chips Law Will Undermine Global Supply Chains: Chinese Foreign Ministry10 August, 12:00 GMT,China Continuing Hi-Tech Development Regardless of US Sanctions,The newly announced restrictions followed a bombshell report of industry watcher TechInsights which revealed that China's Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp (SMIC) had probably built semiconductors using a 7nm technology.,Earlier, China-based MinerVa Semiconductor Corp., named by TechInsights as SMIC’s customer, demonstrated a 7nm chip on its website, adding that mass production of these semis began in July 2021, according to Bloomberg's 21 July report.,"This is the most advanced technology product TechInsights has seen from SMIC so far and may be leading to a true 7nm process that incorporates scaled logic and memory bitcells," TechInsights explained on 19 July. "It also has key implications for Chinese chip companies, as it helps to reduce China’s reliance on western technologies in this time of restricted access.",The report caught many by surprise given that SMIC had long specialized in 14nm technology. Furthermore, since late 2020, Washington has banned the unlicensed sale of equipment that can be used to make semiconductors of 10nm and beyond to the Chinese company. If SMIC has indeed managed to make a technological leap, it would mean that Washington's sanctions policy failed to curb China's technological development, according to Bloomberg.,The US government is well aware of the problem: according to the White House, at present the US produces roughly 10 percent of the world’s supply of chips, whereas East Asia accounts for a whopping 75 percent of global production. Washington is striving to win the technological race with the Asian giant by imposing further restrictions and expanding investments in the domestic chip industry.,Thus, on 9 August, President Joe Biden signed into law a bipartisan CHIPS and Science Act which includes more than $52Bln for US companies producing semiconductors, as well as billions more in tax credits to encourage investment in the industry. Yet another objective of the newly inked legislation is to prevent American investors from directly or indirectly contributing to the development of semiconductor production in China. One of the conditions for obtaining a government subsidy under the new law is the obligation not to invest in the development of the 28nm and more advanced technologies in China for 10 years.,Huawei Spent $22 Billion on Research in 2021 As Company Resists US Sanctions - Report27 April, 02:45 GMT,For its part, China aims to develop its own technologies, instead of following in the footsteps of western manufacturers. The People's Republic has already proved that alternative solutions are possible and that it can set new global technological standards. For instance, Huawei telecommunications equipment made a splash in global markets when the company developed its own SingleRAN algorithm, which allows configuring one base station to provide communication in 2G, 3G and 4G standards simultaneously. When it comes to the semiconductor industry, China is developing its own technology to produce silicon carbide chips.,Beijing is sparing no expense in research and development (R&D) of promising technologies: according to China's official statistics, the People's Republic's spending on R&D rose 10.3 percent to 2.44 trillion Chinese yuan ($378Bln) and accounted for 2.4 percent of GDP in 2020. Last year, China's Premier Li Keqiang promised that the country's research and development spending would grow by more than 7 percent per year between 2021 and 2025.。    涵养廉洁文化          建设廉洁政治                     清是廉之本，廉是德之基，清廉是人生道路上永远的道德标准。为进一步发挥清廉文化在校内的教育、示范、熏陶、增强广大青年教师从教的意识，营造“崇尚廉洁”“以廉为荣”的社会风尚和校园廉洁文化氛围，进一步促进清廉文化建设。杭州市康桥幼儿园结合幼儿园园本特色纸艺，开展了“巧手传清廉 廉政进校园”党工团清廉活动。                   01          执·清廉之“箴”          活动始伊幼儿园全体教师书写自己的清廉格言。教师们“清廉自守，爱心育人”，坚守教育初心，做到言行一致，为孩子们树立榜样。让清廉之花在幼教园地绽放，为孩子们的成长营造一片纯净的天空。         涵养廉洁文化          建设廉洁政治                    02          颂·廉洁之“语”                    为规范康桥幼儿园工会各项制度来落实廉洁。工会主席郭老师全面细致地阐述了工会各项制度，同时引导教师加强廉洁意识。

二 |          无需华彩的虚饰，也不要绚烂的伪装，廉洁自律，是最高的褒赞。而后新教师以《廉洁颂》为主题进行朗诵，教师们个个精神饱满，仪态端庄，他们以真挚的情感、铿锵的语调，诠释着廉洁的内涵与价值。                             03          享·游戏之“趣”          为调动老师们迅速融入到活动氛围当中，让廉洁之风在欢声笑语中深入人心，进行廉政教育主题趣味游戏。

三 | 在廉洁趣味游戏活动中，不仅展现了全体教职工的向心力与凝聚力，更考验了老师之间的默契配合，争抢团队的凝聚力，让廉洁清正的精神传递到每位教职工身上。                   04          塑·廉洁之“作”          手工、衍纸、剪纸……教职工们发挥各自特长，用指尖绘出了清廉之风，用巧手创造了廉洁作品。不仅激发大家的动手能力，并铭记初心，秉持廉洁自律、以德立教的理念，锻造不朽师魂。                   涵养廉洁文化          建设廉洁政治          ​          清廉是一种品格，清廉是一种精神，清廉是一种选择，清廉是一种责任。清廉的种子开成花相信在未来的日子里，杭州市康桥幼儿园的每一位教师都会继续坚守清廉之风，以身作则，为孩子们树立榜样，共同创造一个更加美好的教育环境。         撰写：于海杰          摄影：信息组          审核：丁 君。

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